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Instruction - Writing
Exercises

 

T. R. Girill
STC Fellow
trg@llnl.gov

Scope

Linked to this page are 15 high-school-level exercises that teach (through worked and scaffolded examples) how to write good instructions. Also included is a set of instruction-writing guidelines on which these exercises depend. The summary table below links to two versions of each exercise:
  • A plain version suitable for classroom use as is, and
  • An annotated version that:
    • spells out the goal of each exercise and the writing issues that it addresses,
    • compares the exercise with others in this set,
    • suggests effective, relevant teaching strategies, as well as extended activities, and
    • notes the specific 1998 California English-Language Arts content standard(s) that the exercise most strongly supports.

Besides finding these exercises by name (in the table below), you can also use any of three indexes to look up specific exercises by the thematic task(s) or the California content standard(s) to which they are most relevant.

Background

These exercises respond to the unmet need that I found for a realistic, work-relevant way to learn technical writing by students who are not facile writers already. The examples present practical description-writing techniques using familiar, gender-neutral topics that nevertheless involve solving genuine, real-world writing problems. They are ordered, paced, and scaffolded to gradually build basic writing skills while promoting general cognitive maturity at the same time.

I developed these exercises during 2000-2002 while presenting instruction-writing workshops to grade 11 English students at the Media Academy, located at Oakland's Fremont High School (California). See the teacher annotations on the instruction-writing guidelines and on the first three exercises for specific design details on the approach that I chose. The reference papers linked from this site give even more explanatory background.

In June, 2005, the STC Board of Directors recognized the value of this material with an international Pacesetter Award "for delivering excellent education." In April, 2007, this literacy outreach effort received an STC Distinguished Service Award, granted to no more than 1% of eligible service projects.

Policy and Permission

The East Bay STC chapter's Technical Literacy Project shares these examples because intellectually sound, grade-appropriate materials for teaching technical writing in high school are scarce. Finding or developing your own exercises may take more time than you have, so we invite you to borrow or adapt some or all of these for your classes. Refining and extending them is an ongoing project, of course. Your comments and suggestions are always welcome (to trg@llnl.gov).

Permission to download and reproduce these exercises for nonprofit educational use is granted without fee. All other copying or reproduction, especially for commercial use or resale in any manner, form, or medium, requires explicit, prior, written permission from:

T. R. Girill
Chair, Technical Literacy Project
East Bay Chapter, Society for Technical Communication
trg@llnl.gov

 Two versions available:

Summary of Shared Exercises

Plain
(for
students)
Annotated (teacher
notes)
Guidelines for good instructions

Exercise  0: Rules of thumb for all the exercises

plain0 annotated0
Fully worked examples
Exercise  1: Good instructions
(cooking new potatoes)
plain1 annotated1
Exercise  2: Poor instructions
(making chili mac)
plain2 annotated2
Exercise  3: Safety warnings
(microwave boiling water)
plain3 annotated3

Scaffolded exercises (but student version not worked)

   

Exercise   4: Two-stage editing
(making cranberry sauce)

plain4 annotated4

Exercise   5: Two-stage editing
(making pancakes)

plain5 annotated5
Exercise   6: Discovering latent problems
(making stuffed squash)
plain6 annotated6

Exercise   7: Discovering latent problems
(butterscotch brownies)

plain7 annotated7

Cases integrating graphics with text

   

Exercise   8: Worked example, good art
(cleaning a spill)

plain8 annotated8

Exercise   9: Worked example, poor art
(making irregular joint)

plain9 annotated9

Exercise 10: Scaffolded but not worked
(making oval template)

plain10 annotated10
Longer, more complex exercises    

Exercise 11: Hidden problems and warnings
(cleaning mildew)

plain11 annotated11

Exercise 12: Hidden problems, more abstract
(storing computer files)

plain12 annotated12

Exercise 13: Hidden problems, long case
(removing carpet wax)

plain13 annotated13

Exercise 15: Long, revise based on
demo and notes
(Internet fact check, biology)

plain15 annotated15
Drafting instructions    

Exercise 14: Figures provided, students draft text
(drawing a spiral)

plain14 annotated14
All exercises together in one file plain.all annotated.all
 
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